3歳未満の子どもを養育する父親におけるコペアレンティングの影響要因に関する横断研究

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Factors Influencing Coparenting in Fathers Raising Children Under Three Years Old

要旨

　目的：3歳未満の子どもを育てる父親のコペアレンティングに妊娠期から出産後に形成される父親像が及ぼす影響を明らかにする．

　方法：対象者は1,621人であった．先行研究よりコペアレンティングとの関連が示唆された項目と「親になる移行期の父親らしさ尺度」を独立変数，「日本語版コペアレンティング関係尺度：CRS-J」を従属変数とし，独立変数を段階的に投入した3つの重回帰モデルを作成した．

　結果：全てのモデルで有意な回帰性が認められた（p＜.01）．ただし，CRS-J得点との有意な関連は，「子どもの存在から沸き立つ思い」「父親意識の高まり」「妻への思い」の得点にのみ認められた．

　結論：妊娠期からの父親像の形成状況が，乳幼児期のコペアレンティングに影響を及ぼしている可能性が示された．特に，独立変数の中で最も高く影響していたのは「妻への思い」であり，妊娠中の良好な夫婦関係がコペアレンティングに影響を及ぼす重要な要因となっていることが示唆された．

　Purpose: This study determines the influence of paternal image formation in coparenting among couples raising children under three years of age in Japan, during the period from pregnancy to immediate postpartum.

　Method: A total of 1,621 subjects were studied. Three multiple regression models were created using items that past research has found to be related to coparenting.

　A Scale of Father identity in the Transition Period and factors predicted to influence coparenting were set as independent variables, while the Coparenting Relationship Scale Japanese version (CRS-J) was set as the dependent variable in the multiple regression model.

　Results: Significant regression was found in all models (p＜.01). However, significant associations with CRS-J scores were found only for the scores of "a rush of emotion coming from the existence of a child/children," "the upwelling consciousness of being a father" and "concerns for the wife".

　Conclusion: The results suggest that differences in paternal image formation that arise during pregnancy may impact coparenting during infancy. Among the independent variables, "concerns for the wife" had the highest influence, suggesting that a good marital relationship is an important factor affecting coparenting.