EPDS-P日本語版を用いたパートナーによる産後うつモニタリングの可能性

The Detection of Postpartum Depression among Japanese Mothers Using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale Partner (EPDS-P)

要旨

　目的：産後うつ病をパートナーが評価するスクリーニング尺度EPDS-P日本語版を作成し，産後1か月時点の父親による母親の産後うつ病の兆候を検出しEPDS高得点者の発見につなげることができるか検討した．

　方法：EPDS-P日本語版を作成し，1か月児健康診査を受診した健康な児を育てる夫婦147組を対象に，無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した．

　結果：母親のEPDSと父親のEPDS-Pの間にr_s＝0.27の有意だが弱い相関が認められた（p < 0.01）．EPDS-Pのクロンバックα係数は0.83であった．EPDSのカットオフ値（9点）を仮にEPDS-Pのカットオフ値とした時，EPDS陽性者の母親を検出する感度は50％，特異度は83％であった．母親のEPDSと父親のEPDS-Pの対応する項目 1，3，7，8，9の5項目と産後うつ病の身体症状3項目（食欲の変化，睡眠の変化，易疲労性）に有意な相関が認められた．

　結論：EPDS-Pを活用したパートナーによる産後うつ病の早期発見の可能性が示唆された．

　Purpose: This study explored the possibility of early detection of postpartum depression by mothers' partners.

　Methods: The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale Partner (EPDS-P) was translated into Japanese and back-translated by several bilingual translators and discussed with the original author to establish semantic equivalence. The participants were 147 couples whose infants had check-ups 1 month after delivery at a university hospital and an obstetrics clinic. The mother's questionnaire consisted of the EPDS and questions about physical symptoms of postpartum depression. The partner's questionnaire consisted of the Japanese version of the EPDS-P (EPDS-P-J) and questions about their perception of the mother's physical symptoms.

　Results: The average EPDS score of the women who participated was 4.4 (3.4), with a cut-off of 9 points at 12.2%. Analysis showed a positive correlation between mother's EPDS score and partner's EPDS-P-J score (r_s = .27; p < .01). Cronbach's α for the EPDS-P-J was 0.83, suggesting sufficient reliability. Unhappiness and crying, self-blame, unhappiness and difficulty falling asleep, sadness, and able to laugh showed significant correlations between EPDS and EPDS-P-J (r_s = .37, r_s = .29, r_s = .20, r_s = .20, r_s = .19, p < .05, respectively). Physical symptoms of postpartum depression also showed a significant correlation. Partners rated the women's symptoms more seriously than the women rated themselves.

　Conclusion: The EPDS-P-J was found to a significant correlation with the mother's EPDS. The results of this study suggest that partners can detect early postpartum depression in mothers.