思春期青年期世代がん患者をケアする看護師の困難感と学習ニーズ

Difficulty and Learning Needs of Nurses Caring for Adolescent Cancer Patients

要旨

　思春期青年期世代がん患者に対する看護師の困難感と学習ニーズを明らかにすることを目的とし，看護経験5年未満7名，それ以上の看護師8名を対象に，グループインタビューの手法で調査を行った．看護経験5年未満のグループは【捉えどころのない患者との距離感への戸惑い】【将来ある患者への見当もつかないケア】の困難感を抱き，【経験不足を補う他者の実践や体験からの学び】の学習ニーズがあった．看護経験5年以上のグループは【自律過程にある患者との関わりへの憂慮】【希望を見いだせない患者に寄り添う難しさ】の困難感を抱き【患者が利用できる社会的サポート資源の知識】の学習ニーズがあった．看護経験5年未満のグループは，ケア経験を蓄積する難しさから生じる知識不足や看護実践の自信のなさがあり，看護経験5年以上のグループは，過去のケア経験から生じる不安が関わりの憂慮になっていると考えられた．

　This study aimed to understand the difficulty and learning needs of nurses caring for adolescent cancer patients. The participants consisted of two groups of nurses: 1. seven nurses with less than five years of nursing experience, and 2. eight nurses with more than five years of nursing experience. The research was conducted using group interview method. Results showed that, in Group 1, nurses had the following difficulties: “confusion regarding a sense of distance from elusive patients” and “having uncertainty on how to care for particular patients in the future”. Their learning needs were as follows: “knowledge of caring for adolescent cancer patients,” and “making up for one's lack of experience by learning from others' experiences and practices.” In Group 2, nurses had the following difficulties: “concern regarding forming relationships with patients developing autonomy” and “difficulty in staying close to patients who are losing hope”. Their learning needs were as follows: “knowledge of caring for adolescent cancer patients,” and knowledge of social support resources available to patients.” It was thought that in Group 1, nurses have lack of knowledge and lack of confidence in nursing practice due to the difficulty of accumulating care experience, and in Group 2, nurses have concerned about anxiety caused by past care experience.