病院組織の看護実践環境が看護師の能力開発に及ぼす影響

The Effect of Overall Nursing Practice Environment in Hospitals on Nurses' Professional Development

要旨

　目的：病院組織の看護実践環境が看護師の能力開発に及ぼす影響を明らかにする．

　方法：東日本に所在する3つの大学病院に勤務する看護職1,419名を対象とし，無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した．質問紙は保健師の専門性発展力尺度のうち看護師の能力開発に共通する下位尺度，看護実践環境尺度の一部および基本属性で構成し，共分散構造分析を実施した．

　結果：1,129名より回答を得た（有効回答率79.6％）．共分散構造分析の結果，分析モデルの適合は適切であり，病院組織の看護実践環境から「看護師の能力開発」へのパス係数について，看護実践環境の「病院全体の業務における看護師の関わり」からのパス係数は .25（p < .01），「ケアの質を支える看護の基盤」からのパス係数が .23（p < .01）であった．

　結論：看護実践環境のうち「病院全体の業務における看護師の関わり」および「ケアの質を支える看護の基盤」は，看護師の能力開発へ正の影響を及ぼすことが示唆された．

　Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of the overall nursing practice environment in hospitals on nurses' professional development.

　Methods: Registered nurses (n = 1,419) working at three hospitals in eastern Japan were administered anonymous self-evaluation questionnaires comprising the Professional Development Scale for the Public Health Nurse, the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, and a questionnaire that included items on participants' demographics. Structural Equation Modeling was used to assess the relationship between these items.

　Results: A total of 1,129 registered nurses completed the questionnaires. The results of the analysis revealed that the model was an appropriate fit. The path coefficients of “Nurse Participation in Hospital Affairs” on nurses' professional development was .25 (p < .01), and that of “Nursing Foundations for Quality of Care” on nurses' professional development was .23 (p < .01).

　Conclusion: These results suggest that the nursing practice environment factors “Nurse Participation in Hospital Affairs” and “Nursing Foundations for Quality of Care” have positive effects on nurses' professional development.