看護師の心理的well-beingに対する職場におけるソーシャルサポートの効果―共分散構造分析を用いた検討

The Effect of Perceived Social Support at Work on Psychological Well-being of Nurses: A Covariance Structure Analysis

要旨

　特定機能病院に勤務する女性看護師790名を対象として，職場のサポートが看護師の心理的wellbeingに与える直接的間接的影響について，デモグラフィックデータ要因を加えて，共分散構造分析を用いて検討した．その結果，看護師の上司，同期，後輩からのサポートの知覚は個人の能力を発揮する機会に影響し，能力発揮の機会が多いことは心理的well-beingの高さに影響することが示された．サポートの直接的間接的影響の仕方は心理的well-beingの因子によって異なっていた．これらの結果から，看護師が自分の能力を発揮していきいきと働くための支援について，主に看護管理の視点から考察された．

Abstract

　This study examined direct and indirect effects of perceived social support at work on psychological well-being of nurses. Data were collected from seven hundred ninety female nurses who work in special functioning hospitals. Using covariance structure analysis, a structural model consisting of psychological well-being of nurses and its determinants was tested. Results indicated that a higher level of perceived support from supervisors and colleagues was associated with increased opportunities to utilize one's capabilities, which in turn was associated with greater psychological well-being. In addition, perceived social support at work had direct and indirect effects on psychological well-being, especially positive relationships with others. Support for nurses to utilize their full capabilities was discussed from the perspective of nursing administration.