産褥早期の腰部さらし着用による骨盤周囲径変化と腰背部痛および日常生活上の支障に関する介入研究

Effect of Pelvic Girdle Wearing on Pelvic Circumference, Back Pain, and Level of Impairment of Activities of Daily Living during the Early Postpartum Period

要旨

目的：分娩後に骨盤周囲にさらしを巻く群（介入群）と巻かない群（対照群）では，産褥早期の骨盤周囲径測定値，腰背部痛の状況と腰背部痛による日常生活上の支障の程度について違いがあるのかを明らかにすることを目的とした．

方法：介入群45名と対照群37名に，妊娠末期，産褥1，4日目に骨盤周囲径測定と質問紙調査を行い統計学的に分析した．

結果：骨盤周囲径測定値は，2群間で差はなく，2群ともに妊娠末期の値より産後の値の方が小さかった．腰背部痛は，2群ともに各時期において6割程度の者が自覚し，痛みの程度に差はなかった．対照群では，産褥1日目に背部痛が発生する者が多かった．2群ともに日常生活上の支障については産褥経過とともに軽減していた．

結論：産褥早期の骨盤周囲径は2群ともに妊娠末期より減少したが，さらしを巻くことにより，さらに骨盤周囲径を減少させる効果は確認されなかった．産褥早期にさらしを巻くことは背部痛の予防に寄与すると推測された．

Purpose: To examine whether there are differences in pelvic circumference, the presence and severity of lower back pain, and the level of impairment of activities of daily living between women who wrapped a girdle around the pelvis during the postpartum period (intervention group) and those who did not (control group).

Methods: Participants included 82 pregnant women who were followed through the early postpartum period (n = 45 in the intervention group, n = 37 in the control group). For each participant, we measured the pelvic circumference in the third trimester and on days 1 and 4 of postpartum, conducted a questionnaire survey, and statistically analyzed participant questionnaire responses and pelvic measurements.

Results: Pelvic circumference measurements were smaller during the postpartum period than during the third trimester for both groups. Lower back pain was experienced by approximately 60% of the participants in both groups during the study period, and there was no difference in the level of pain reported. In the control group, many participants developed back pain in the first day of the postpartum period. The level of impairment of activities of daily living was reduced over time during the postpartum period for both groups.

Conclusion: In both groups, the pelvic circumference during the early postpartum period was smaller than that during the third trimester; however, we were unable to confirm if girdle-wearing further reduced pelvic circumference measurements. It was inferred that girdle-wearing during the early postpartum period contributes to the prevention of back pain.