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要旨
目的:肥満の若年男性労働者における行動変容の阻害要因とそれに対する個別および集団保健指導の技術を明らかにすることである.
方法:労働者への保健指導経験が5年以上の保健師8人と管理栄養士2名を対象に,グループインタビュー調査を2回実施した.
結果:行動変容の阻害要因として,肥満の若年男性労働者が行動変容に対してネガティブな心理状況にあることや,自分の健康問題への認識が欠如していること,柔軟に生活習慣を変容することが困難であることなどがあった.個別保健指導において専門職は継続した支援につなげる,健康を支援する身近な存在としての信頼関係を築く,減量への動機づけを引き出すなどの技術を用いていた.
結論:若年男性労働者の減量支援では,食事やストレスコーピングなどに関する具体的な改善方策の提供と同様に,対象が人生における減量の目的と行動変容に対する動機づけをもてるよう支援することが重要である.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the barriers to behavioral change in young male workers with obesity, and to identify the skills pertaining to providing individual and group health guidance for them.
Methods: Two group interviews took place with 8 health nurses and 2 dieticians who had experience in providing health guidance for young workers for more than five years.
Results: The following barriers to behavioral change in young male workers with obesity were identified: negative mental state to behavioral change, lack of knowledge of one's health problems, and difficulty in changing one's lifestyle. The following skills for providing individual health guidance were identified: maintaining a continued supportive relationship with the young male workers, building a relationship of trust with them by becoming a person who is close to them, and motivating young workers to lose weight.
Conclusions: It is important that health care providers support young male workers with obesity to develop the intention to lose weight and to motivate behavioral change, and provide them knowledge regarding diet control and stress coping strategies.
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