地域で暮らす高齢者の見守りの概念分析

Concept Analysis of “Mimamori” for Community-Dwelling Elderly People

要旨

　目的：地域で暮らす高齢者の見守りについて概念分析し，構成要素を明らかにして概念を定義すること．

　方法：Rodgers（2000）の概念分析の手法を用いて概念を定義した．文献は，医中誌WebおよびPubMed，CINAHLを使用し，検索された257文献から無作為に抽出した55文献を対象とした．概念の属性，先行因子，帰結について質的に分析した．

　結果：概念の属性は【心情や状況を考慮した距離の保持】【観察や測定による安否の確認】【住民や機関が協力した対象の把握】の3カテゴリであり，先行因子と帰結はそれぞれ4カテゴリで構成された．先行因子は，高齢者の要因と高齢者を取り巻く要因に大別された．帰結は，個々の高齢者への影響と，家族や地域の人々の関係を含む概念であった．そして，属性を基に概念を定義した．

　結論：本概念は，わが国の公衆衛生看護実践での高齢者の実態把握や予防活動の推進，地区組織活動の促進，教育・研究活動の向上のために活用可能である．

Abstract

　Purpose: This study aimed to establish a definition of the concept of “mimamori” as it relates to community-dwelling elderly people by clarifying the components that comprise “mimamori.”

　Methods: The concept of “mimamori” was defined using Rodgers' concept analysis method. A literature review was conducted by searching the Ichushi-Web, PubMed and CINAHL databases. From among the 257 identified articles, 55 were randomly selected for analysis. Attributes, antecedents, and consequences were analyzed qualitatively.

　Results: The attributes of “mimamori” for community-dwelling elderly people included the following three categories: “maintaining distance by considering the feelings or circumstances of elderly people,” “confirming the safety of elderly people by observation and/or measurement,” and “understanding the needs of elderly people by cooperating with people and institutions in the community.” In addition, both antecedents and consequences were found to comprise four categories. The antecedents were roughly divided into factors related to the elderly people and factors that surround elderly people. Consequences were found to comprise the involvement of the family and community in addition to the effects on the elderly individual. Subsequently, the concept of “mimamori” was defined based on the attributes.

　Conclusion: The present results indicate that the concept of “mimamori” can be utilized in the development of research and education contributing to the support of community-dwelling elderly people. Furthermore, this concept can be used to promote preventive measures and the community health nursing activities of regional organizations.