妊娠期における母親役割獲得プロセスと共感性の関連について

The Relationship between Maternal Role Attainment During Pregnancy and Empathy

要旨

　本研究の目的は妊娠期の母親役割獲得プロセスと共感性の関連を明らかにすることであった．67名の妊婦の共感性を多次元共感測定尺度を用いて測定し，抽出された高共感性群13名と低共感性群9名を対象に，妊娠12週から30週にわたり，Rubinの概念に沿った内容の半構成的面接を行なった．得られた結果から以下のことが明らかになった．①“取り込み─投影─拒絶”まで進んだものが高共感性群は13名中8名，低共感性群は9名中2名であった．②高共感性群は低共感性群に比べ，“模倣”をより多く行い，“ロ－ルプレイ”のパ－トナ－が身近に存在し，“空想”を早くから開始し，“悲嘆作業”によって新しい自己を思い描いている傾向があった．③高共感性群は低共感性群に比べ，妊娠前の母親役割のレディネスが高く，妊娠中に役割モデルと接触するチャンスが多く，より早い時期により強い“ビンディングイン”を形成していた．

　The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between maternal role attainment during pregnancy and empathy. Sixty-seven pregnant women were asked to compelite the Japanese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index to measure their empathy , and were subsequently divided into a high-empathy group consisting of 13 subjects,and a low-empathy group consisting of 9 subjects. Data was collected from the 12th through the 30th gestational week by means of a semistructured interview which was based on Rubin's conseptual model of maternal role attainment.

　The following results were obtained.

1. Eight subjects of the high-empathy group and 2 of the low-empathy group were judged to have reached the Introjection-projection-rejection phase .

2. High-empathy group subjects displayed Mimicry more often, had partners near them during Roleplay, began Fantasy earlier,and expected more changes in themselves through Grief-work than low-empathy group subjects.

3. High-empathy group subjects were more prepared for the maternal role before conception,came in contact with people that served as a role model more often during pregnancy, and formed Binding-in earlier than low- empathy group subjects.