母親の愛着尺度日本版の信頼性・妥当性の検討

Reliability and Validity of the Maternal Attachment Inventory Japanese Version

要旨

　本研究は，母親の愛着尺度日本版（MAI-J）の信頼性と妥当性を検討することを目的とした．MAI-Jは，乳児に対する母親の愛着を情意領域から定義した尺度で，26項目で構成される．日本版の翻訳は逆翻訳を行い，日本版の翻訳が原文の意味を反映しているか確認した．信頼性と妥当性の検討は，255名の健康な乳児の母親の協力を得て行った．

　信頼性は，内的整合性を表すCronbach'sαは0.92，安定性はr＝0.84（p＜0.000）であった．妥当性は，内容妥当性が支持された．構成概念妥当性は十分に支持されなかったが，主成分分析と因子分析から，MAI-Jは1次元に近い構造を示していた．親となるとはどのようなものか日本版（WPL-R-J）の下位尺度，育児の評価との相関はr＝0.63（p＜0.000）であり，かなり関連があった．併存妥当性として用いた対児感情評定尺度との相関はr＝0.38 （p＜0.05）であり，支持される程の関連はなかった．

　これらから，MAI-Jの信頼性は支持されたが，妥当性は十分に支持されているとはいえず，今後，さらに検討が必要である．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Maternal Attachment Inventory Japanese Version (MAI-J). The 26 item MAI-J is a self-report questionnaire designed to measure maternal affectionate attachment to infants. The Maternal Attachment Inventory original version was translated into Japanese and then back-translated into English using translators not involved in the original translation. The subjects were 255 mothers of healthy infants.

　The results demonstrated the MAI-J to be highly adequate internal consistency reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92, and for stability, with a test-retest reliability of 0.84. Content validity was established at 100%. Construct validity was not adequately supported, although the results of the principal component analysis and the factor analysis showed MAI-J to be an essentially one dimensional scale, and there was a moderate correlation of 0.63 with the scale of What Being the Parent of a New Baby is Like-Reversed-Japanese Version. Measure of concurrent validity was not adequately supported, showing a correlation of 0.38 with the scale of Feeling Towards Infant.

　The results showed the MAI-J to be highly adequate reliability but did not adequately support validity. Therefore further testing of the scale is necessary.