デイケアに通所する精神障害者の生活満足感に関する研究

A Study on the Life Satisfaction of Mentally Handicapped Persons Visiting A Day Care

要旨

　本研究はデイケアに通所中の精神障害者59名を対象とし，アンケートと面接調査，参与観察により主観的QOLや影響要因を分析することによって，障害者の抱える問題を明確化し，デイケアにおける援助について検討することを目的とした．

　その結果，以下のことが明らかになった．①入院経験のある人はない人に比べて生活満足度が低かった．②疾患によって心理的機能の満足度が異なる．③同居者や相談相手がいる人，相談相手に家族やクリニック以外の友人が含まれている人の生活満足度が高かった．④食事を週1回以上は自分で作る人は心理的機能領域で，家族が食事を作ってくれる人は身体的機能領域で満足度が高かった．⑤障害受容の満足度は全体的に低く，その満足度が高い人は生活満足度が高かった．これらから，対人関係や自尊心，自己認知概念などの要因は生活満足度への影響が大きく，これらの要素に対する援助の重要性が示唆された．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study was to identify the problems of mentally handicapped persons visiting a day care, the subjective quality of life and highlighted factors were analyzed in 59 subjects through questionnaire, interview and participated observation.

　As a result, it was shown that;

　(1) the persons who had stayed in hospitals evaluated the life satisfaction more highly than those who hadn't,(2) the satisfaction of mental function was different depending on diseases,(3) the persons who had lodgers and advisers, especially those who had family members or friends other than clinic members as an adviser evaluated the life satisfaction more highly,(4) the persons who had cooked by themselves more than once a week evaluated mental function of the life satisfaction more highly and the persons whose families cooked evaluated physical function of the life satisfaction more highly,(5) the satisfaction of failure acceptance was generally low and the persons who evaluated it more highly evaluated the life satisfaction more highly.

　From these findings, it is suggested that the factors of human relations, self-esteem and the concept of self-cognition appear to have great influences on the life satisfaction, and that the support care for these factors are important.