保健師の人間関係形成能力と職務経験の関連性

The Effect of the Work Experience of Public Health Nurses on the Ability to Form Human Relationship

要約

　本研究の目的は、支援の仕組みづくりにおける保健師の人間関係形成能力の構成概念と構造、職務経験の影響と発達の特徴を明らかにすることである。市町村所属保健師202名に職務経験と人間関係形成能力に関する質問紙調査を行った。人間関係形成能力の構成概念と構造の分析には探索的因子分析と共分散構造分析を、経験年数の影響の検討には一要因分散分析を用いた。探索的因子分析等の結果、支援の仕組みづくりにおける保健師の人間関係形成能力の構成概念は、［どんなこともきっかけにする］［専門知識・技術を活用する］［思いややり方を受け入れる］［潜在能力や健康な側面に着目する］［冷静で毅然とした行動をする］［心的距離を調整する］［他者を巻き込む］［エンパワーメントする］［具体的にサポートする］［関係を取り持つ］であった。共分散構造分析によるパス解析の結果では、これらの能力は経験年数や経験の多様性の影響を受けていた。一要因分散分析の結果では、ほとんどの能力の得点は経験の長さに比例して高くなっていた。

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the formative concept and structure of the ability of forming human relationship, the effect of work experience, and characteristics of development of public health nurses in making support systems. The data were collected by using registered mail with questions, asking attribute, working experiences, and measure of the ability of forming human relationship. Explanatory factor analysis and covariance structure analysis were used for analyzing the formative concept and structure of the ability of forming human relationship and analysis of one factor dispersion was used for analyzing the effect by the years of experience. Examined through explanatory factor analysis etc, the formative concepts of ability in building human relationship for making support system were the following 10: making everything a chance, using professional knowledge and techniques, centering the client, acting calm and resolute, having trust in client, adjusting the mental distance between the people, involving others, empowering, supporting concretely, interceding. These abilities were affected on years and variety of experiences, as the result of path analysis by structural equation modeling. As the result of analysis of one factor dispersion, most of the ability scores were proportional to the years of experience and the time when the abilities grow was different.