看護師の臓器提供に対する態度と関連要因

Nurses' Attitudes toward Organ Donation and Related Factors

要旨

　【目的】本研究の目的は，看護師の臓器提供に対する態度と関連要因について検討することである．

　【方法】X県内脳死臓器提供施設全6施設の看護師716名を対象として，無記名自記式質問紙法を実施し，臓器提供に対する態度と関連要因との関連を統計的に分析した．

　【結果】態度を不安因子・信念因子に構造化して態度関連要因と分散分析した結果，2つの因子はそれぞれ独立して関連していた．「臓器提供に関する知識」・「脳死の容認」は2つの因子と有意な関連を認め，知識の高い看護師，脳死を容認している看護師のほうが臓器提供に対して肯定的であった．「家族対応に対する自信」・「臨床経験年数」は信念因子とのみ有意な関連を認め，家族対応ができると回答した看護師，臨床経験年数11年以上の看護師のほうが臓器提供に対して肯定的であった．

　【結論】「臓器提供に関する知識」「脳死の容認」「家族対応に対する自信」「臨床経験年数」が臓器提供に対する肯定的態度に寄与することが示唆された．

Abstract

　Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' attitudes toward organ donation and related factors.

　Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 716 nurses (response rate: 85%; valid response rate: 81%) at the six hospitals in X prefecture that perform organ donation following brain death. Nurses' attitudes toward organ donation and related factors were analyzed of statistically.

　Results: Nurses' attitudes were divided into unease and belief categories, and related factors were analyzed. These categories were found to be independently affected by related factors. The “Acceptance of brain death” and “Knowledge about organ donation” factors had significant relationships with the unease and belief categories, and nurses with positive attitudes toward organ donation were found to have higher scores for knowledge about organ donation and had acceptance of brain death. “Confidence in family correspondence” and “The years of clinical experience” had a significant relationship with only the belief category, and nurses with positive attitudes were found to have higher confidence in family correspondence and more than 11 years of clinical experience.

　Conclusion: These findings suggest that “Acceptance of brain death,” “Knowledge about organ donation,” “Confidence in family correspondence,” and “The years of clinical experience” contributed to positive attitudes toward organ donation.