作業療法士と作業療法学生の動作観察場面における相違と臨床実習を想定した口頭での助言の効果

Differences between occupational therapists and occupational therapy students in movement observation situations and the effectiveness of verbal advice to occupational therapy students for clinical practice

要旨：本研究の目的は動作観察場面での作業療法士（以下，OTR）と作業療法学生（以下，OTS）の動作観察視点の相違と助言による変化を明らかにすることである．方法は視線分析装置を装着し，片麻痺者の食事動作の動画を視聴した．その際にOTR 5名とOTS 28名（助言ありOTS群13名，助言なしOTS群15名）の視線データを取得し，5領域に分け比較検討した．結果，助言の有無にかかわらずOTRとOTSの視線停留割合は類似し，言語指示による観察視点を示すことで，特定の領域をより注視した．しかし，臨床推論を用いた指示ではOTSの視線に有意な変化は少なく，OTSの理解に合った助言量と内容の調節により，後の観察へとつながると考えられる．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences between occupational therapists' (OTR) and occupational therapy students' (OTS) eye movements on movement observations and changes due to advice. The method was to wear a gaze analysis device and watch a video of a hemiplegic eating movement. The gaze data of 5 OTRs and 28 OTSs (13 with advice, 15 without advice) were obtained and compared in 5 areas. The results showed that OTRs and OTSs had similar rates of gaze fixation with and without advice and gazed more at specific areas when specific viewpoints were presented through verbal instructions. However, there were fewer significant changes in the gazes of OTSs when instructions were given using clinical reasoning, suggesting that later observations may be more appropriately implemented by adjusting the amount and content of advice to match the comprehension abilities of OTSs in clinical practice.