左半球損傷後のコミュニケーション障害に対する視覚探索に着目した介入と視線分析を用いた検討—重複した高次脳機能障害を呈した重度失語症の事例

Examination using gaze analysis and visual search-based therapeutic interventions for a patient with communicative problems due to left brain damage: A case of severe aphasia and multiple issues of higher brain dysfunction

要旨：重度失語症を呈した左半球損傷患者に対し，視覚探索訓練を実施した結果，コミュニケーション能力の向上が観察され，その評価として，画像視認中の視線分析を用いて検討したので報告する．発症3ヵ月後，コミュニケーション場面では，状況理解に必要な部分へ視線が向かず，非言語情報の理解の低下を認めた．視線分析では，視認中の視線の動きは乏しく，注視点は1ヵ所に停留する傾向を示した．視覚探索訓練を実施した結果，視線分析やコミュニケーション場面において視線の動きが増え，非言語情報の理解・表出の向上が観察された．視覚探索訓練により，非言語情報の入力過程に関わる視覚性注意の改善が寄与した可能性が考えられた．

　This paper will report on visual search training for an aphasic patient with left brain damage, which resulted in an improvement in communication abilities. The subject's gaze was analyzed while she was looking at the screen, which was then examined to evaluate communication skills. Three months after the onset of aphasia, a lack of movement in the subject's gaze indicated a lack of understanding of the situation during communication settings, leading to a decrease in the understanding of nonverbal information. The gaze analysis revealed poor gaze movement, with the gaze point tending to stay in one location. The gaze search training resulted in an increase of gaze movement, and an improvement in the understanding and expression of non-verbal information through gaze analysis and communication settings. As a result of this visual task training, visual attention involved in the input process of non-verbal information improved, showing that there was an improvement in communication skills.