作業療法を見える化した教授法は学生の実習課題の負担軽減と自己効力感の向上に繋がった—生活行為向上マネジメントシートを活用した臨床教育の実践

The role of the visualized occupational therapy teaching method in improving self-efficiency and reducing a student's burden during training: Clinical education using Management Tool for Daily Life Performance (MTDLP)

要旨：臨床実習での症例レポート（以下，レポート）作成がトラウマとなっていた作業療法学生に，生活行為向上マネジメント（以下，MTDLP）シートを活用し指導した．指導方法として，学生はMTDLPに不慣れであったので，養成校で習ったICFによる問題点抽出，目標設定，治療計画立案を行ってもらい，指導者はMTDLPシートを作成して，互いのレポートを照合し学生の不足していた知識や思考過程を補うという教授法を行った．その結果，学生のレポート作成における負担が軽減し，自己効力感が改善した．作業療法を見える化するツールであるMTDLPの活用により，学生にとって作業療法士の思考過程の理解が容易になったことが，良好な結果に繋がった．

　Clinical education using the MTDLP was provided to a student of occupational therapy who felt overwhelmed with creating case reports during their clinical training. A student who were not familiar with MTDLP were asked to extract issues, set goals, and make treatment plans using ICF that they learned at their schools. The instructor prepared MTDLP forms, compared what the student and instructor created, and then supplemented a student's missing knowledge and the thought process which resulted in reduced workloads for creating case reports and improved self-efficiency. Therefore, enhancing transparency of occupational therapy through the MTDLP enabled a student to understand the thought process of the occupational therapist, and consequently produced favorable results.