座位姿勢の違いが上肢の協調運動に与える影響─評価法開発に向けた予備的研究

The effects of sitting posture on arm coordination: A pilot study

要旨：車椅子使用者に使うことができる評価法開発の予備研究として，座位姿勢を考慮した上肢機能の評価法を検討した．健常成人10名を対象に，計測座位姿勢を4種類設定し，提示された線の上をトレースする課題（線引きテスト）を行い，座位姿勢の違いが上肢の協調運動に与える影響を所要時間，筆跡面積，圧中心点の軌跡長で評価した．臀部と座面の接触面積が小さく左右で非対称となる座位姿勢が安定座位と比較し筆跡面積が有意に大きく，3種類の計測座位姿勢において，上記評価間に有意な相関関係を認めた．本評価法により上肢の協調運動を定量的に検出できるだけでなく，座位姿勢の違いによる上肢の協調運動への影響に姿勢制御が関与する可能性が示唆された．

　An evaluation of arm function and its connection to sitting posture was reviewed as a preliminary study to develop a usable evaluation for wheelchair users. We explored the effects of sitting posture on arm coordination in ten healthy subjects on a drawing test utilizing four different sitting positions. Main outcome measures were description time, handwriting area and sitting COP movement. Significant differences in handwriting ability could be attributed to differences between stable and half-sitting positions. With the three different sitting positions, our analysis showed significant correlations between description time and handwriting area, description time and sitting COP movement, and handwriting area and sitting COP movement. The results showed that posture control significantly affected arm coordination. Thus, this drawing test is useful for the quantitative evaluation of coordinated relationship between arm function and other body parts.