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Japanese Occupational Therapy Research Volume 35, Issue 6 （December 2016）

作業療法 35巻6号（2016年12月発行）

Japanese English

◆研究論文

健康中高年者における作業参加が生きがいに及ぼす影響—〜1年間の追跡調査〜 Occupational participation and “Ikigai” in healthy middle-aged and elderly individuals in Japan: A one-year follow-up survey 今井忠則 ¹ Tadanori Imai ¹ ¹群馬大学大学院保健学研究科リハビリテーション学講座 ¹Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences キーワード：生きがい , （自記式作業遂行指標：SOPI） , 参加 , 縦断研究 , ヘルスプロモーション , Ikigai , Self-completed Occupational Performance Index (SOPI) , Participation , Longitudinal study , Health promotion Keyword: 生きがい , （自記式作業遂行指標：SOPI） , 参加 , 縦断研究 , ヘルスプロモーション , Ikigai , Self-completed Occupational Performance Index (SOPI) , Participation , Longitudinal study , Health promotion pp.611-620

発行日 2016年12月15日 Published Date 2016/12/15

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要旨：意味のある作業への従事（作業参加）は健康・well-beingにとって重要であるが，その関係性を疫学的に実証した研究は少ない．本研究では作業参加が生きがいに及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的に，健康な地域中高年者456名（男性121名，女性335名，平均年齢63.8歳，範囲50〜85歳）を対象に1年間の追跡調査を実施した．作業参加，生きがい，基本属性・社会経済的要因を調査し重回帰分析を行った結果，作業参加が生きがいに肯定的な影響（β＝0.35，p＜0.001）を及ぼし，1年間では余暇活動，生産的活動，セルフ・ケアの3領域全てで同程度の影響があることが明らかとなった．本研究結果は健康増進・予防的作業療法の基礎的・疫学的根拠の一つとなる．

　Background and Purpose: Occupational participation is important for health and well-being in preventive care during occupational therapy. However, there are few studies on occupational participation in such settings. The purpose of this study was to substantiate the positive effect of occupational participation on the Japanese spiritual feeling “Ikigai” in community-dwelling healthy middle-aged and elderly individuals. Methods: A total of 534 community-dwelling individuals participated in this one-year follow-up survey in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Questionnaires comprised three categories of interest: occupational participation, Ikigai, and sociodemographic characteristics. Multiple regression analysis was performed using the following control variables: age, gender, marital status, education, subjective economic status, hospital care, outing frequency, number of friends, and volunteer activity frequency. Results: Of the 534 participants, 456 (85.4%), aged 50 to 85 years and comprising 121 males and 335 females, completed and returned the study questionnaire. Data analyses indicated changes in Self-completed Occupational Performance Index scores during the one-year period had a positive effect on the total Ikigai-9 scores (β=0.35, p<0.001) and three domain scores, leisure (β=0.15, p<0.01), productivity (β=0.18, p<0.01), and self-care (β=0.13, p<0.01), after adjustment for control variables. Conclusion: The results of this study substantiate the positive effect of occupational participation on Ikigai and may contribute to the development of preventive occupational therapy services for community dwellers.