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Abnormal immune response:Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome Hiroyuki YANO 1 , Mitsuyo KINJO 1 1Division of Rheumatology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital pp.561-579
Published Date 2023/10/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.3102201121
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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is caused by an excessive defense response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli to eliminate an insult, resulting in damage to the end organ. Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) occurs simultaneously with SIRS and is a condition of auto-immunosuppression. The balance between SIRS and CARS dictates the patient's prognosis. In the present report, we discuss the concept and mechanisms underlying SIRS and CARS. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory immune response and hypercytokinemia. It is a secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis that can be a fatal complication of rheumatic disease caused by aberrant T lymphocyte and macrophage activation. In addition to the above, we also discuss the concepts, underlying mechanisms, and management of MAS.


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電子版ISSN 2186-7852 印刷版ISSN 1883-4833 メディカル・サイエンス・インターナショナル

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