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手術部位感染症(SSI)は一般的な周術期合併症であり,ひとたび発症すると患者の生活の質(QOL)の低下,予後悪化につながる。近年,手術手技の向上,物品の滅菌処理,抗菌薬の開発によりSSI発症率は低下傾向にあるが,SSIは最善の予防で55%減少できる1)という報告もあり,多くの施設でいまだSSI予防については改善の余地はあるかもしれない。本稿では,SSIの疫学,予防戦略として予防的抗菌薬の選択や投与タイミングと投与期間,高濃度酸素療法,血糖管理,体温管理,創保護材,局所陰圧療法(NPWT)に関して,ガイドラインやこれまでの臨床研究をもとに解説する。
Surgical site infections(SSI)are a common perioperative complication, and once they occur, can lead to deterioration of the patient's quality of life and prognosis. Although the incidence of SSI has been decreasing in recent years due to improved surgical techniques, sterilization of supplies, and the development of antimicrobial agents, it has been reported that SSI can be reduced by 55% by using optimal prophylaxis, and there may still be room for improvement in many institutions. In this article, we present the epidemiology of SSI, prophylactic strategies including selection of optimal prophylactic antimicrobial agents, timing and duration of administration, hyper-concentrated oxygen therapy, and blood glucose control.
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