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下垂体の手術を歴史的にみると開頭による方法(transcranial)と経鼻的あるいは経蝶形骨洞的におこなわれる方法(transsphenoidal)とが交互にある時代の主流となつている。当然のことながら脳神経外科医は開頭法を,耳鼻咽喉科医は経鼻法を主としておこなつていた。
最近カナダの脳神経外科医Julius Hardy1)2)3)によつて経蝶形骨洞的におこなわれるsubnasal法が発表され,ひろく脳神経外科においておこなわれつつある4)。この手術はHalstead5),Cushing6)らによつて開発された方法の復活であるが,60年前の手術とことなり,手術用顕微鏡,透視の使用により,明視下に安全かつ確実な方法として再登場したものである。
私どもはsubnasal法(subnasal midline rhino-septal approach)により下垂体およびその周辺部の手術をおこなう機会があつたのでその手術方法の概略,特徴をのべ,あわせて症例の報告をおこなつた。
Hardy's subnasal midline rhinoseptal approach was employed in hypophysectomy of the following 2 cases: 1. A 35 year-old male recieved a physical check-up after a traffic accident and in the course of which a ballooning of the sella turcica was discovered. Measurement of growth hormone confirmed acromegaly. Hypophysectomy was performed on October 2, 1971. The postoperative course was uneventful.
2. A 24 year-old female was admitted to the neurosurgery department because of her left hemiparesis, disturbance in swallowing and urinary incontinence. X-ray examination revealed a large mass attached to the clivus. The mass had apparently pushed the basilar artery laterally and posteriorly. The sphenoidal sinus was opened by the subnasal approach. Its posterior wall was found to be replaced by the tumor. The mass was measured to be 4 cm. More than 90% of the tumor was removed. The histological diagnosis was osteochondroma.
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