その他の標的核に対するDBS—パーキンソン病と本態性振戦に対する後腹側視床領域，淡蒼球視床路，脚橋被蓋核の定位脳手術

Posterior Subthalamic Area, Pallidothalamic Tract, and Pedunculopontine Nucleus:Deep Brain Stimulation Targets for Parkinson's Disease and Essential Tremor

Point

・後腹側視床領域の脳深部刺激療法は本態性振戦，パーキンソン病に有効である．

・淡蒼球視床路破壊術はパーキンソン病に対する治療効果がある．

・脚橋被蓋核はパーキンソン病の歩行障害に対する治療標的として研究されている．

　This article reviews the stereotactic targets in the posterior subthalamic area（PSA）, fields H1/H2 of Forel（pallidothalamic tract）, and the pedunculopontine nucleus（PPN）to complement the preceding articles on stereotactic and functional neurosurgery for movement disorders in the present issue of No Shinkei Geka.

　Two regions within the subthalamus, the PSA and fields H1/H2 of Forel, are the revisited stereotactic targets to treat movement disorders. Currently, the PSA is often utilized to treat essential tremor and various types of tremor. Fields H1/H2 of Forel are investigated as a target for magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound to treat motor symptoms and motor complications in patients with Parkinson's disease. For the past twenty years, the PPN has been investigated to treat refractory gait freezing and fall in patients with Parkinson's disease. These revisited and novel targets may be utilized as substitutes and complements for the present standard stereotactic targets.