潜在性痙攣準備状態と脳の親水膠成分

The Lowered convulsion threshold and the Hydrophilic Colloidal components of the brain

　癲癇発作は，酸塩基平衡や水分代謝の失調による脳の膨化現象と密接な関係がある。脳組織は蛋白と脂質と多糖体を主要素材とし，少量の鉱物質と大量の水分より形成されている。この水分には，容易に移動する自由水と，比較的動き難い結合水とが区別される。無機イオンによる滲透圧と，高分子物質の水分結合による膨潤圧とが，脳組織に一定の水分を保留し，特有の硬度と形態が維持されている。脳の蛋白や脂質には，親水性を異にする種々のものがあり，之等の組合せは，脳の成熟，老化と共に微妙な変動を示す。又之等の物質は，脳の機能の直接の担体である速い代謝の演ぜられる場所を構成するだけでなく，その速い代謝との密接不可分なつながりに於て，機能を左右する。個性発生過程の何処かで何らかの因子が働けば，爾後の発育に於て，脳の化学的成分に種々の程度の変化が現れる，その為に組織形態学的変化や，脳機能の部分的変化が認められなくとも，単に痙攣閾だけが低下すると云う如き変化もあり得るのではなかろうか。この種変化の一つとして，親水性を異にする種々の高分子物質の分布や，分子構造，分子配列等の変化による脳組織の膨潤性の異常が想定される。この様な観点から，脳組織の親水性と組織を構成する高分子物質の親水性との相関について検討を行つている^6）。

1) Brain edema could be divided into twotypes, simple edema, which showed normal proteinfractions, and complicated edema, showed abnor-mal protein fractions. The latter could also bedivided into two types due to (a) migration ofserum albumin into the brain tissue and due to(b) denaturation of the tissue proteins themselves.The localization of the edema in the brain andits relation to the clinical symptoms are discussed.

2) The brain tissue obtained by biopsy frompatients with idiopathic epilepsy showed a higheralbumin content, and a higher α-globulin contentthan normal.

3) The albumin content of the cerebral hemi-sphere of the (log was lower, and the α-globulincontent higher at the post-natal stage of develop-ment than in the mature brain.

4) The content of albumin increased throughcerebral cortex, white matter, medulla oblongataand spinal cord, while the α-globulin decreased(in adult dog).

5) The ratio of hexosamine to hexose in thewhole brain at the immature stage resembled theratio in the cerebral cortex of mature brain (indog and mice).

6) Strandin with high hydration exists in thegeneral region of the brain at the immature stage,and it goes to exist mostly in the grey matter atthe mature stage according to the accumulation ofcerebrosides and cholesterol mainly in the whitematter.

An anomaly of brain compositions that the es-sential components of the grey matter such asstrandin still stand considerably in the white matterat the mature stage, could be induced probably bysome mechanism in the process of maturation ofthe brain. This abnormal brain with high hydro-philic property seems to be liable to swell byslight causes, and seems to show lowered convulsi-on threshold.