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Metabolism of Gamma-Aminobutyric acid in mammalian tissues: Especially Active Transport System of GABA into Brain Slices Yasuzo Tsukada 1 , Shusuke Hirano 1 , Yutaka Nagata 1 , Tenhoshimaru Matsutani 1 1Department of Physiology, Toho University, School of Medicine Ohmori pp.487-496
Published Date 1960/4/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431906361
  • Abstract
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 1) When guinea pig brain cortex slices wereincubated in a medium containing GABA, GABAwas actively accumulated into brain slices duringthe periods of 2 hrs. in the presence of glucoseas a substrate. Accumation of GABA into braincortex slices was increased by omitting Ca ionsfrom a medium and diminished by omitting Kions.

 As a special carrier system of active transportof GABA, turnover of phospholipids in cytoplasmic particulates of brain slices was investigated using P32 When GABA was accumulatedactively in brain slices, P32 incorporation intophospholipid fractions particularly phosphatidicacid and phosphatidylcholine of cytoplasmic particulates in brain slices was markedly accelerated. But in the condition such as K+-free medium withGABA or in the absence of GABA, an increase ofturnover rate of phospholipids was not observed.

 2) Assuming chloride space, the changes ofintracellular water and electrolytes in brain sliceswere studied. When brain cortex slices was incubated in a medium containing 5mM GABA, thechanges of T. C. water, Na+ and K+ were veryslight although GABA itself was accumulated actively. In the case of conditions such as K+-free, Ca++-free and 10mM GABA in the medium, Nagain into intracellular phase and K loss were observed. And K leakage from the cells was inhibited by the addition of GABA to Ca. freemedium accompaning with the accumulation ofGABA. On Inulin assumption, I. C. water and I. C. Na were much higher than that of chloride. assumption, but I. C. K was shown at the sameorder on both assumption. At the same time I. C. chloride was detected almost same amount of I. C. Na. Then it would be likely that isotonicNaCl was penetrated into the cells from themedium under the slice condition. Accordingly, chloride assumption still will be satisfactory forthe calculation of I. C. space, since extra NaClshould be cancelled out automatically by the application of chloride assumption.

 3) When GABA was added to the controlmedium containing glucose, oxygen consumptions.of brain and kidney cortex slices were augmentedbut not on liver slices. Total counts of C14O2.produced from GABA-C14 were almost the sameorder on the brain and kidney cortex slices respiring in the medium containing glucose. On.radioautogram, tagged spots in extracts of brainslices were detected corresponding to severalamino acids such as aspartic, glutamic acid, glutamine and GABA-C14. On the other hand, no, detectable tagged spots were obtained other thanGABA-C14 in extracts of kidney and liver slices.

 4) The distribution of GABA in various organswas examined by the administration of GABA-C14to the animals. When GABA was administeredintravenously (1g/kg) or orally (1.5g/kg) to adultguinea pigs and mice, GABA-C14 was detectedclearly in kidney and liver. In blood GABA administered was only trace amount 3hrs. after intravenous administration. Unidentified taggedspot was found particularly in liver. GABA-C14was excreted in urine shortly after administration. By the intravenous injection of GABA, 10% ofGABA administered appeared for 6 hrs. after injection, and only 1% was detected by the oraladministration. No tagged GABA was found inbrain tissue by both oral and intravenous administration.


Copyright © 1960, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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