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Molecular imaging of mental disorders Hidehiko Takahashi 1 , Tetsuya Suhara 1 1National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Brain Imaging Project Keyword: Positron Emission Tomography , PET , 統合失調症 , ドーパミン , 受容体占有率 pp.949-957
Published Date 2005/12/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100118
  • Abstract
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Positron emission tomography(PET)techniques have made it possible to measure changes in neurochemical components in living human brain. PET can be used to investigate various brain functions such as receptors, transporters, enzymes and various biochemical pathways;therefore, it could be a powerful tool for molecular imaging of mental disorders.

 Since the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been discussed with a functional alteration of dopaminergic transmission in the brain, we have focused the dopaminergic components for the research target of schizophrenia using PET. Using high affinity ligand [11C]FLB 457, we found reduced D2 receptor binding in the anterior cingulate cortex of patients with schizophrenia, and a significant negative correlation was observed between D2 receptor binding and the positive symptom score. Subregions of interest were defined on the thalamus using individual magnetic resonance images. D2 receptor binding was also lower in the central medial and posterior subregions of the thalamus in patients with schizophrenia. Alterations in D2 receptor function in the extrastriatal region may underlie the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. On the other hand D1 receptor binding was found to be lower in the prefrontal cortex and a significant negative correlation was observed between D1 receptor binding and the negative symptom score. Abnormality of D1 receptor function would be at the bottom of the negative symptoms and cognitive impairment of schizophrenia.

 Regarding the effect of antipsychotics on dopamine D2 receptor, occupancy and it's time-course have been measured in a living body using PET. This approach can provide in vivo pharmacological evidences of antipsychotics and establish the rational therapeutic strategy. PET is a powerful tool not only in the field of brain research but also drug discovery.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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