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Molecular Imaging of β-Amyloid Plaques in the Brain Masahiro Ono 1 1Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Keyword: Alzheimer's disease , β-amyloid plaques , in vivo imaging , PET , SPECT pp.233-240
Published Date 2007/3/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416100030
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Abstract

 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, cognitive impairment, and memory loss. Postmortem brains of AD patients reveal neuropathological features; the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which contain β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) and highly phosphorylated tau proteins. Increases in the concentration of Aβ in the course of the disease lead to gradual increase in the load of β-amyloid plaques, which is thought to be an initial neuropathological change in AD brains. Thus, the development of radiotracers for in vivo imaging β-amyloid plaques in the aging human brain is an important and active area of molecular imaging. When used in combination with positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT), amyloid imaging agents could serve as surrogate markers in early diagnosis and neuropathogenesis studies of AD. Furthermore,quantitative evaluation ofβ-amyloid plaques in the brain could allow facilitate the evaluation of the efficacy of anti-amyloid therapies that are currently being investigated. A number of groups have worked to develop radiolabeled amyloid imaging agents, and clinical trials in AD patients have been reported with several agents including[18F]FDDNP,[11C]PIB,[11C]SB-13 and[123I]IMPY, indicating that detecting β-amyloid plaques in the living human brain with amyloid imaging agents is potentially feasible. More recently, we have reported additional promising compounds such as flavone or chalcone derivatives. The combination of relatively high binding affinity to Aβand high brain uptake and good clearance in mice of these flavonoid derivatives provides a series of potential amyloid imaging agents for PET and SPECT. In this manuscript,recent progress in amyloid imaging studies is reviewed with the development of amyloid imaging agents.


Copyright © 2007, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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