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Patterning mechanism of neocortex:development of functional area map Tomomi Shimogori 1,2 1University of Chicago 2Brain Science Institute, The Institute, of Physical and Chemical Research(RIKEN) Keyword: cortical area map , エレクトロポレーション法 , 視床ニューロン pp.45-53
Published Date 2005/2/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100005
  • Abstract
  • Look Inside

The mammalian cerebral cortex is a sheet of tissue which is divided in anatomically distinct and functionally specialized areas. The area which form a species-specific area map carries the highest sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. Individual functionally separated areas are characterlized by specific sets of inputs by thalamus. Understanding how it develops and how it changes is central to our understanding of brain function and its crucial to the development of treatments for neurological diseases. Development of the area map, however, cannot be understood by focusing on the cortical primordium in isolation. Because embryonic tissues interact to pattern one another, other developing brain structures would be expected to influence cortical pattern, such as input from thalamus. We survey selected recent studies of whether thalamic axons and their activity initiate, maintain, or regulate select features of cortical area identity. We summarize findings that there are genes and molecules that are expressed early in ventricular zone(VZ), the germinal cell layer of the cortical primordium, to determine the cortical area map independent from thalamus. After the set up of cortical areas, axons from thalamus are guided by several molecular cues in cortex, but that patterning in the thalamus itself and cues along the thalamocortical pathway are independent. Taken as a whole, available data suggest that the cerebral cortex and thalamus are first patterned independently and then coordinate and interact to generate the mature cortical area map.


Copyright © 2005, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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