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Recent Advances in the Treatment of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Tsuyoshi Nakamaki 1 1Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine Keyword: 血液脳関門 , 薬理学的聖域 , 大量化学療法 , 全脳照射 , 神経毒性 , blood brain barrier (BBB) , pharmacological sanctuary , high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) , whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) , neurotoxicity pp.969-979
Published Date 2014/8/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416101866
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Abstract

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, aggressive form of lymphoma, accounting for approximately 1-2% of all cases of lymphoid neoplasms in Japan. The current standard treatment for these tumors, which arise in pharmacological sanctuaries isolated by the blood brain barrier, is chemo-radiation with high-dose methotrexate (3g/m2) and cytarabine (3g/m2) followed by whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) (45Gy). To overcome the limitations of and neurotoxicities associated with WBRT, several novel therapeutic strategies have been developed. These include either upfront intensive chemotherapy with high-dose alkylating agents combined with stem cell transplantation or less toxic immunochemotherapy with molecular targeted agents such as anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. The roles of these therapies for PCNSL are being assessed in ongoing randomized clinical trials and will be further explored in the future.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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