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Development of the Thymus and Immune System Naoko Matsui 1 , Takeshi Nitta 2 , Yousuke Takahama 2 1Department of Neurology,Institute of Health Biosciences,University of Tokushima 2Division of Experimental Immunology,Institute for Genome Research,Graduate School of Medical Sciences,University of Tokushima Keyword: T cell repertoire , self-tolerance , thymic microenvironment , medullary thymic epithelial cells , regulatory T cells pp.679-684
Published Date 2011/7/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416100948
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Abstract

 A repertoire of T cells is primarily formed in the thymus through positive and negative selection of developing thymocytes. The medullary region of the thymus provides a microenvironment that is essential for the establishment of self-tolerance via the depletion of self-reactive T cells and the production of regulatory T cells. Within the medullary microenvironment,medullary thymic epithelial cells play a pivotal role in the establishment of self-tolerance,via the promiscuous expression of tissue-restricted self-antigens and the chemokine-mediated attraction of positively selected T cells from the cortex to the medulla. Positive selection also induces the expression of TNF-superfamily cytokines and thereby nurtures the growth and development of medullary thymic epithelial cells. We will review the mechanisms of how the thymus contributes to the development and selection of T cells,with emphasis on the establishment of self-tolerance in the thymic medulla.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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