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2005年3月~2008年4月までの期間に当院で診断された腎盂・尿管癌21例,尿管狭窄1例,尿管ポリープ1例について,通常のMRI撮像に拡散強調撮像を加えて検討した。またみかけの拡散係数(ADC:apparent diffusion coefficient)を測定した。腎盂癌9例中(転移巣1例を含む)9例,尿管癌12例中11例で拡散強調にて腫瘍部は高信号に描出されたが,grade 1尿管癌と尿管ポリープおよび尿管狭窄のそれぞれ1例では病変部は高信号に描出されなかった。ADC値は腎盂・尿管癌,転移リンパ節,遠隔転移巣で正常腎実質や尿に比べ有意に低値を示した。拡散強調MRIは,腎盂・尿管癌の局在診断や転移の検索における補助診断として有用であると思われた。
The efficacy of diffusion-weighted(DWI)magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)under free breathing was evaluated in the detection of a upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. 21 patients with consecutive upper urinary tract carcinoma including 9 renal pelvic carcinoma and 12 ureteral carcinoma diagonosed at a single institution between March 2005 and April 2008 were evaluated by high b-value DWI(b=0,1000s/mm2). Of the 21 patients with upper urinary tract carcinoma 20 were clearly shown as high signal intensity while negative in grade-1 ureteral carcinoma,ureteral stenosis and ureteral polyp each in one patient. The apparent diffusion co-efficient(ADC)value(×10-3mm2/s)was measured,which The ADC value(×10-3mm2/s)was 1.25±0.23 in the renal pelvic carcinoma,1.39±0.30 in the ureteral carcinoma and 1.19±0.31 in the metastatic lymphnode,showing significantly lower value compared with urine(3.08±0.32),normal renal parenchyma(2.14±0.33). Thus,DWI is useful in the tumor detection and in evaluating the tumor extension of upper urinary tract carcinoma without using contrast medium.
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