緑内障患者の日常生活調査

The life style of glaucoma patients

　80名の緑内障患者に，①対象者の背景，②健康状況，③視機能，④生活状況，⑤経済状況，仕事，⑥医療関係，⑦精神状態（主観的QOL）のアンケートを施行し，結果を解析した。対象は平均61.8歳，男性55名，女性24名（不明1名），平均罹病期間10.1年だった。早期から段差の判別，すれ違う人の顔の判別，駅の料金表の判読に障害が生じ，病期の進行とともに増加した。進行期ではさらに外出，車の運転，信号の判別，銀行のATMの画面の読み取りが障害され，仕事量減少，減収，治療費増加も認められた。60％が治療にほぼ満足していた。精神的QOLスコアは病期の進行に伴い低下したが，多変量解析によれば病期以上に，外出，テレビの字幕，駅の料金表の判読の障害との強い関連がみられた。

We surveyed 80 glaucoma patients regarding the subjective quality of life by questionnaire. Their ages averaged 61.8 years. The duration of glaucoma averaged 10.1 years after the initial diagnosis. Each patient was asked about the background, health status, visual functions, mode of living, occupation and income, mode of medical treatment and the psychological state including acceptance. From the early stage on, they had difficulty in recognizing steps of staircase or pedestrian road, recognizing familiar faces or reading fair charts at railway stations. These difficulties increased along with advance in glaucoma. Patients with advanced glaucoma had difficulty in outdoor activities, driving, recognizing traffic signs and manipulating ATM bank machines. They also complained of decreased occupational workload, decreased income and increase in medical costs. Sixty per cent of the cases were satisfied with the mode of treatment. The psychological quality of life, expressed as scores, decresed along with the stage of glaucoma. Multiple variate analysis showed the score to be more correlated with difficulty in outdoor activities, reading letters in television display and reading fair chart at railway stations than the stage of glaucoma.