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多局所網膜電図を用いて,硝子体手術で閉鎖した黄斑円孔の網膜の応答密度を,術前と術後(32眼),または術後のみ(20眼)に検索した。術前の平均応答密度は,領域1で3.3±2.7nV/deg2,領域2で3.7±2.6nV/deg2であり,正常値のそれぞれ5〜20%と10〜30%に低下していた。三次元表示では,ピークが噴火口状に陥没していた。術後(平均26か月)には,領域1は正常値の20〜50%に,領域2は30〜70%に応答密度が回復した。応答密度は経時的に回復し,術後1〜2年で60%になった。術中の円孔底の色素上皮掻爬は,応答密度に悪影響しなかった。多局所網膜電図は,黄斑円孔が円孔だけでなく周囲1.6乳頭径の応答密度の低下を伴う疾患であることを示した。円孔が閉鎖すると,中心窩とその周囲の応答密度がともに回復した。これは,円孔閉鎖による視細胞の求心性の引き寄せと,ヘンレ線維層の復位によると解釈される。
We performed multifocal electroretinogram in 52 eyes of idiopathic macular hole treated by vitreous surgery. Prior to treatment, the mean response density was 3.3 ± 2.7 in area 1 and 3.7 ± 2.6 nV/deg2 in area 2. These values were about 5% to 20% and 10% to 30% respectively of normal controls. The response density improved to 20~50% in area 1 and 30~70% in area 2 respectively after surgery (mean : 2.6 months) . It further improved to 60% in area 1 one to 2 years after surgery. Multifocal electroretinogram showed that the response density was reduced both in the macular hole area and in the surrounding area within 1.6 disc diameters from the fovea. The latter area corresponded to the radiating striae of Henle's fiber layer as observed clinically. Debridement of the hole floor during surgery had no adverse effect in the recovery of response density. Restoration of response density in area 1 and 2 seemed to reflect macular hole closure associated with centripetal immigration of photoreceptors and reattachment of elevated Henle's fiber layer.
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