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対象と方法:2009年からの10年間に,兵庫医科大学病院眼科で,内方回旋斜視に対して斜視手術を施行した29例(手術時年齢:中央値58歳)を対象とした。内方回旋偏位の測定には大型弱視鏡を,立体視検査にはTitmus Stereo Testを用いた。内方回旋斜視の背景と手術成績について後ろ向きに検討した。
結果:原因疾患は,動眼神経麻痺7例,筋原性斜視(甲状腺眼症・外眼筋炎)5例,重症筋無力症4例,癒着性斜視4例,白内障術後の恒常性外斜視3例,先天性2例,眼窩底骨折1例,原因不明が3例であった。術前,内方回旋偏位は平均9.5±4.5°で,外斜視の合併が26例,10PD以上の上下偏位の合併が15例に認めた。立体視はFly(−)が23例(79.3%)であった。術式は,下直筋耳側移動術が11例(両眼1例),上直筋鼻側移動術が9例(両眼1例),上下直筋耳鼻側移動術が2例,水平筋の上下移動術が7例であった。術後,内方回旋偏位は平均2.0±3.2°と有意に減少し(p=0.0020),Fly(−)も8例となった。複視は術前27例にあり,術後22例(81.5%)で消失した。動眼神経麻痺4例を含む5例(18.5%)で複視が残存した。
結論:内方回旋斜視は動眼神経麻痺に最も多くみられた。上下直筋の水平移動術は,内回旋偏位の矯正にも有用であった。
Abstract Purpose:To report the characteristics and surgical outcomes in patients with incyclotorsion.
Subjects and methods:Twenty-nine patients(median age at surgery:58 years)who underwent strabismus surgery to correct incyclotorsion at Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital over a decade from 2009 were recruited. Incyclotorsion was measured by major amblyoscope and stereopsis was measured by Titmus Stereo Test. We investigated the backgrounds and surgical outcomes for patients with incyclotorsion.
Results:The causative diseases included oculomotor palsy in 7 cases, myogenic strabismus in 5 cases, myasthenia graves in 4 cases, adhesive strabismus in 4 cases, constant exotropia after cataract surgery in 3 cases, congenital strabismus in 2 cases, blowout fracture in 1 case, and unknown in 3 cases. Preoperatively, incyclotorsion was on average 9.5±4.5°, and 26 cases were complicated with exotropia and 15 cases with vertical deviation of over 10 PD. Stereopsis showed Fly(−)in 23 cases(79.3%). Temporal transposition of inferior rectus was performed in 11 cases(bilateral:1 case), nasal transposition of superior rectus in 9 cases(bilateral:1 case), vertical muscle horizontal transposition in 2 cases and vertical transposition of horizontal muscles in 7 cases. Postoperatively, incyclotorsion decreased significantly with an average of 2.0±3.2°(p=0.0020)and stereopsis improved in Fly(−)in 8 cases. Diplopia was present in 27 cases preoperatively, and eliminated in 22 cases(81.5%)after surgery. Diplopia remained in 5 cases(18.5%), including 4 cases of oculomotor palsy.
Conclusion:Oculomotor palsy was a major cause of strabismus with incyclotorsion. Horizontal transposition of vertical rectus muscle was effective to correct incyclotorsion.
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