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要約 目的:他覚的屈折度の変化を180眼について40年以上追跡した結果の報告。対象と方法:他覚的屈折度の変化を180眼について検索した。初診時の年齢は,53眼が10歳未満,58眼が10歳以上20歳未満,14眼が30歳未満,40眼が40歳未満,15眼が50歳未満であった。全例について,初診から40年以上の屈折度の経過を追った。屈折の測定には初診時の年齢に応じて調節麻酔薬を点眼し,3種類の手動または自動屈折計を用い,等価球面度数として解析した。結果:180眼での40年間の屈折は,31眼(17%)で変化がなく,50眼(28%)で遠視が強くなり,99眼(55%)で近視が強くなった。このうち62眼では屈折が近視側から遠視側に変化し,この変化は35〜45歳の間で顕著であった。結論:加齢に伴う屈折の変化は,近視または遠視の進行のほかに,近視側から遠視側に進むことがあり,この傾向は40歳前後で顕著であった。
Abstract. Purpose:To report longitudinal changes in objective refraction in 180 eyes for over forty years. Cases and Method:This study was made on 180 eyes of outpatients. They were first seen at the age of less than 10 years in 53 eyes, less than 20 years in 58 eyes, less than 30 years in 14 eyes, less than 40 years in 40 eyes, and less than 50 years in 15 eyes. All the eyes were followed up for 40 years or longer regarding refraction. Refraction was measured by manual or autorefractometer under topical cycloplegia. Refraction was evaluated as spherical equivalent. Results:Refraction during follow up for 40 years showed no change in 31 eyes(17%), increase in hyperopia in 50 eyes(28%), and increase in myopia in 99 eyes(55%). Changes in refraction turned from myopia to hyperopia in 62 eyes. This tendency was more manifest during the age from 35 to 45 years. Conclusion:Refraction in 180 eyes showed, besides progression of myopia or hyperopia, changes from myopia to hyperopia during follow up over 40 years. This tendency was more manifest during the age from 35 to 45 years.
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