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1985年7月からわが国と台湾において,急性出血性結膜炎(AHC)が流行した.病因検索の結果は沖縄で発生したAHCはコクサッキーウイルスA24型変異株(CA24')とエンテロウイルス70(EV70)によって発病しており,台湾ではCA24'が主体であった.CA24'は病日までに76%がHeLa細胞で分離され,中和抗体価の上昇も見られた.CA24'によるAHCの臨床像は結膜下出血(42%)が主体で,EV70によるAHCに似ていたが,小学校低学年の患者が多いことが異なっていた.沖縄,札幌および熊本における健康人のEV70とCA24'の中和抗体陽性率を検索すると,沖縄では各々42/231(18.2%),28/231(12%),札幌では11/75(15.3%),3/75(4%),熊本では1/62(1.6%),3/63(4.8%)であった.今後この二つのウイルスによって起こるAHCは眼感染サーベイランス上注意しておく必要がある.
Epidemics of acute conjunctivitis due to Coxsac-kie virus A24 (CA24) broke out in Okinawa, Japan, and in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in 1985 and 86. Conjun-ctival scrapings from 134 patients in the two areas were cultured in HeLa cells, resulting in 87 isolateswhich were identified as CA24 variants. Paired sera from patients in Okinawa also showed rises in neutralizing antibody for enterovirus 70 (EV70).
Clinical manifestations of acute conjunctivitis caused by CA24 variant in the above epidemic were similar to those due to EV70. The EV70 conjunc-tivitis in commonly known as 'acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC)', as named by Seiji Sugiura. A seroepidemiologic survey for CA24 variants and EV70 was conducted in 3 districts in Japan. It showed low incidence in raised neutralizing anti-body titer for these two pathogens. CA24 variants and EV70 would merit particular attention as pos-sible causes of acute conjunctivitis in future.
Rinsho Ganka (Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol) 41(7) : 755-758, 1987
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