スポーツ眼外傷における網膜剥離

Retinal detachment caused by athletic injuries

　1977年から1981年までの5年間に，慶大眼科を受診したスポーツ外傷患者のうち，網膜剥離をきたした31例，31眼につき検討し，以下の結果を得た．

（1）スポーツ眼外傷における網膜剥離は，網膜剥離全体の3.2％を占めていた．

（2）性別，および年齢分布では，10歳代を中心とする若年男性に多く発生していた．

（3）競技種目による網膜剥離の発生頻度に差は認められず，症例の受傷機転は大部分，ボールの打撲によるものであった．

（4）裂孔の発見は，半数以上は1カ月以内になされていたが，長期間経過してから発見されるものもあった．

（5）受傷眼の屈折は，網膜剥離全体に比較して，−6.0^D以上の近視の割合が少なかった．

（6）裂孔の種類は，網膜剥離全体と比較して馬蹄形裂孔が少なく，鋸状縁断裂が多かった．

31 patients with retinal detachment caused by athletic injuries seen at our clinic from 1977 to 1981 were stud-ied. The incidence of retinal detachment associated with athletic injuries was 3.2% of all retinal detachment cases operated in our clinic. There is a statistically prevelance of male (83.9%). Second decade were affected most commonly. Retinal detachment were most frequently associated with baseball, soccer and tennis. 26 patients (83.9%) were hit by the ball. In 18 cases (58.1%) retinal detachment were found within 1 month after injuries, but in 3 cases they were found more than 1 year later. The incidence of high myopia over 6 diopters was 9.8%, and significantly lower than of all the retinal detachment cases. Retinal hole was found in 17 cases (68.0%). Retinal dialysis was found in 28.0% of all cases. Reattachment were obtained in all cases by the conventional operation. In 4 cases, how-ever, visual acuities were less than 0.1 because of the macular impairments.

Rinsho Ganka (Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol) 40(6) : 689-692, 1986