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抄録 グリオーマに対する化学療法を行うにあたって,有効な抗癌剤の種類を投与前に明確にすることは,きわあて重要である。我々はヒトグリオーマに対する薬剤感受性テストとしてヌードマウス移植法を行ってきたが,今回腫瘍生着率が高い孵化鶏卵漿尿膜移植法に注目し,本法による感受性テストの結果をヌードマウス法のそれと比較した。その結果,鶏卵法は簡便で低コストである事は勿論であるが,従来の手技に若干の改良を加える事により,ヌードマウス法とほぼ一致する判定結果が得られる事が判明した。また本法は,単剤のみならず多剤併用効果も判定できる事がわかり,この点での有用性も確認された。本法を用いて個々のグリオーマ症例における薬剤感受性テストを試みると同時に,実際の臨床効果との対比の上で,本法の有用性を検討する事が今後の課題と考えられる。
In case of chemotherapy against brain tumors, it is most important to choose suitable drugs for brain tumors, since human tumors have different drug sensitivity and growth. Heretofore, human tumor clonogenic assays or human glioma-bearing nude mice models were usually used for predicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumor. Human tumor clonogenic assays are one of the best in vitro tests for anticancer drug activity. However, plating efficiency is low, sometimes preventing evaluation of drug sensitivity, and the slow growth of colo-nies means that culture time is long. Assays using immunodeficient mice are used for predicting the drug sensitivity of human tumors ; usually results reflect the sensitivity of the parent tumor. How-ever, procedure using athymic nude mice are slow and expensive. We took notice of Murphy's sys-tem for the chemosensitivity test, in which a human tumor is transplanted into the chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) of a chick embryo, because in this system, various kinds of human tumors could be grafted in high rate.
By modifying the conventional Murphy's system, we studied the efficiency of this system in pre-dicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumors. We compared the result of a drug sensitivity test using CAM of a chick embryo with that using nude mice. First, we studied the effect of chemotherapeutic agents such as ACNU, bleomycin. Next, we stu-died the effect of combination treatment of CAP or CAPF. The tumor reduction rate of the sensiti-vity test using a chick embryo tended to agree with that using nude mice.
In conclusion, the drug sensitivity test using a chick embryo is thought to be useful and the advantages or disadvantages of this system are discussed.
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