てんかん脳波の基礎律動に関する考察—年齢および臨床所見との関係

Studies on the Basic Pattern of EEG in Epilepsy:with the relation to age and clinical findings

　400例のてんかん患者の安静覚醒時の脳波について基礎律動を検討し，これと年令および臨床所見との関係を考察した。

　1）基礎波patternはα波を主とするもの（A），α波とθ波とよりなる軽度の徐波（S₁），θ波を中心とする中等度の徐波（S₂），δ波とθ波との混合する高度の徐波（S₃），速波の優勢なもの（F），不規則なもの（M）とに分けられる。これらはそれぞれ全例の23.0％，30.5％，24.5％，7.5％，4.7％，9.7％にみられた。

　2）年令との関係では，対象の年令を脳波発達の段階によつてI （0-1歳），II （2-5歳），III （6-13歳），IV （14-19歳），V （20歳以上）の5段階に分けてみると，S1がIV,V期においてもかなり多くみられ，また，S2がIII期以降，S3がII-IV期においてもみられるなど基礎律動の徐波傾向が明らかにされた。Fは成人のてんかんに，Mは年令とは関係なしにみられた。

　3）臨床所見との関係では，Aでは既往歴のないものの方が多く，S₂,S₃では逆に既往歴のあるもののほうが多く，S₁．Mでは両者ほぼひとしかつた。既往歴の種類と基礎波patternとの間にも，二，三の関係が指摘された。

　発作頻度は一般にS₂,S₃など徐波傾向のつよいものほど高かつた。臨床発作型との間には一義的な関係はみられなかつた。

Four hundred cases of epilepsy were select-ed and the relation between age or clincal findings and basic pattern of EEG in resting record were studied. The results were as follows:

1) The basic patterns were classified in six types as alpha dominant (A), slightly slow (S₁), moderately slow (S₂), very slow (S₃), fast dominant (F) and mixed or unclas-sified (M) pattern. These patterns were res-pectively seen in 23.0%, 30.5%, 24.5%, 7.5 %, 4.7% and 9.7% of total cases.

2) In the relation between basic patterns and age development the tendency of abnor-mal slowing of basic pattern in epilepsy was shown. Namely, S₁ were still seen in the ages of 14-19years or after 20 years and even S₂ were seen after 6 years. Very abnormal slow S₃ were also widely seen in 2-19 years. F pattern were mainly seen in adult epilepsy, but mixed pattern had no relation with the age distribution.

3) In the relation to clinical findings A pat-tern had relatively few anameses of brain damage (Ca. 40% and S₂ or S₃ pattern. conversely, had more anamneses (ca. 70%). In S₁ or M pattern cryptogenic and symptomatic cases were almost equally seen. The clinical seizures were more frequent in S₂ and S₃ than in A or S₁ pattern. There was no relation between basic patterns and clinical seizure types.

4) The maturation of basic pattern in epi-lepsy was clearly influenced by the existence of brain damage. In those cases with severe brain damages, abnormal slow background ac-tivity (S₂,S₃) was more frequently observed even in the advanced ages than in the cases without them.

5) The abnormality of basic pattern iunepi-lepsy wasrecognized from the view of the disturbances of maturation or organization of EEG development in one side and from that of manifestation of brain damage in the other side.