表情運動に関する筋電図学的研究—年齢に伴う変化並びにKatatonie, Parkinsonismusの表情について（第1報）

ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF THE EXPRESSION 1ST REPORT:THE EXPRESSIVE CHANGES OF FACIAL MUSCLES WITH THE VARIOUS AGES AND IN THE CASE OF CATATONIA AND PARKINSONISM

緒論

　表情には無意識的に生じる表情と意識的に作られる表情の2通りがあり，赤ん坊においては無意識的な表情のみが見られる^1）が，年齢が増すに従つて小児期に見られるあどけない表情は影をひそめ，次第に意識的な表情が増加し，遂には表情の大部分を占めるに至る。

　又精神科の臨床においてしばしば見られる様にKatatonieとかParkinsonismusではほとんど表情の動ぎが認められず，しかも正常成人や小児に見られる表情の一部分とも考えられない様な奇妙なものになつてしまうのは周知のことである。

The muscular action potential is recorded by the surface electrode connected with the electroencephalographic apparatus (time con-stant: 0.03 sec.), which follows……

1) In the age of 3 or 4, weak electric dis- charges from all over the facial mus- cles, especially the co-operative action around the mouth area are noticed even when the child is directed to move some part of his face.

2) In the age of about 6, the electric dis- charges of the opposite face side are observed when the child contracts vo- luntarily his unilateral facial muscies.

3) In the age of over 13, the co-operative actions of the forehead muscles on the opposite side are noticed when the eye of one side is conciously closed.

4) The changes of facial expression the case of catatonia and parkinsonism is found different electromyographically from that of normal adult or child.