美容形成術希望者の心理特性に関する実態調査の統計的検討

Psychological Traits of Patients Seeking Cosmetic Surgery

　【抄録】　美容形成術希望者全員に，リエゾン精神医学の活動の一環として，精神科診察および心理検査を施行し，美容形成外科患者の社会的背景・心理特性を把握するための実態調査を行った。この結果，以下のことが認められた。①年齢は20歳代後半と40歳代の患者が多いが，男性では10〜20歳代の若年層が比較的多かった。②手術が2回目以上の者が全体の約半数を占め，特に再修正の手術を希望する者が多かった。③対象者180名中63名（35％）の患者に，何らかの精神医学的問題（醜貌恐怖症，うつ病など）が見い出された。④精神医学的な病態が認められた群では，YG性格検査上に情緒的な不安定傾向，思考的内向性の高さが認められた。⑤男女間の心理特性は，男性は女性に比較し神経質・易怒的であり，社会的内向傾向が高かった。

　今後も，美容形成外科領域への精神医学的コンサルテーションや，術前の十分な心理社会的な評価が必要と思われた。

　One hundred and eighty patients seeking cosmetic surgery were given psychiatric interviews and psychological tests. The ages of patients wishing to have cosmetic surgery were different according to whether they were males or females. Most of the male patients were in their teens or twenties, while female patients had two peak ages, in the midtwenties or in the forties. The predominate referral locations of the body were on the face, especially on the eyes and nose. Half of the patients had already previous cosmetic surgery. Thirty-five percent were found to have psychiatric problems. Twenty patients were diagnosed as having dysmorphophobia, seventeen had depression, and the others had schizophrenia, anxiety neurosis, borderline personality disorder etc. Most of the dysmorphophobia patients were single, young males, and most of the depressed patients were middle-age females who had had cosmetic surgery previously. On the Y-G Characteristic Test, there were some psychological differences between male and female subjects. The males were more nervous, aggressive and introverted than the females. Also, the patients with psychiatric disorders were found to be more vulnerable to emotional stress, and therefore, more follow-up treatment was thought to be necessary for these patients.