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【目的】スポーツ観覧が身体に与える影響については,国外を中心に報告されているが,わが国ではほとんど報告されていない。本研究は,余暇活動として一般的に行われているプロ野球観覧が身体・心理的因子に与える影響,および好みの球団によるその影響の違いを検討することを目的とした。【方法】22~70歳の男女37名(阪神ファン群:28名,他球団ファン群:9名)を対象とした。大阪府立健康科学センターにてテレビによる野球観覧(阪神vs.中日)中,15分ごとに血圧・心拍数を測定した。また,観覧前後に唾液中コルチゾールを測定した。【結果】阪神ファン群においては,観覧前に比べて,観覧中における収縮期・拡張期血圧の最高値が有意に上昇し,心拍数,および唾液中コルチゾール値は,観覧後に有意に低下した。他球団ファン群においては,観覧前に比べて観覧中における収縮期血圧,および心拍数の平均値は有意に低下し,観覧後の唾液中コルチゾール値も低下する傾向がみられた。【結論】野球観覧による心拍・血圧の反応は,好みの球団によって異なる可能性があるものの,唾液中コルチゾール値はいずれも低下した。したがって,野球観覧は心理的ストレスの軽減に有用である可能性が示唆された。
OBJECTIVE:Although a number of studies have reported that watching sports affects one's physical condition, few studies have demonstrated this effect among Japanese people. This study examined the effect of watching professional baseball games―a popular leisure activity in Japan―on physical and psychological factors. We also examined whether the effects of baseball watching were modulated by the baseball team of their favored by participants.
METHODS:The subjects of this study were 37 men and women aged 22-70 years(Hanshin fan group:fans of Hanshin Tigers=28;Control group:fans of other teams=9) selected from the general population. Their systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every 15 minutes while they watched baseball games(Tigers vs. Dragons) on TV at Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion. Salivary cortisol levels were measured before and after the baseball games.
RESULTS:In the Hanshin fan group, the highest mean levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure observed during baseball games were significantly higher than those before the baseball games. The mean heart rate and salivary cortisol levels of the Hanshin fans decreased significantly after the baseball games. In the Control group, the mean levels of systolic blood pressure and heart rate during the baseball games were lower than those before the baseball games. The mean levels of salivary cortisol decreased significantly after the baseball games.
CONCLUTION:The present study indicates that a watching baseball games may increase blood pressure among fans of the Hanshin Tigers. However, watching sports could reduce psychological stress factors regardless of the viewer's favorite baseball team.
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