総合病院における看護師レジリエンス尺度の作成および信頼性・妥当性の検討

Development of Resilience Scale for Nurses and Assessment of Its Reliability and Validity

抄録

　過酷なストレスにもかかわらず，高いモラールを保ち，逆境を克服していく能力(レジリエンス)は看護師のような対人援助職にとって不可欠の要因である。本研究では「看護師レジリエンス尺度」を作成し，その信頼性と妥当性の検討を行った。看護師を対象に質問紙調査を行い，因子分析の結果として4因子が抽出された。各因子は「肯定的な看護への取り組み」，「対人スキル」，「プライベートでの支持の存在」，「新奇性対応力」と命名された。次にα係数による信頼性と相関係数による妥当性の検討を行った結果，信頼性と妥当性ともに十分な値が得られた。よって「看護師レジリエンス尺度」は十分な信頼性と妥当性を有することが示された。

　Personal resilience is considered to be the ability of an individual to adjust positively to adversity and recover from negative, traumatic, or stressful experiences. It enables nurses to cope with workplace adversity and even feel satisfied with their jobs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a resilience scale for nurses and to determine the reliability and validity of this scale. First, to select items to be included in this scale, we performed an exploratory factor analysis using data obtained from 429 nurses. The result of the analysis showed that the scale could be divided into 4 subscales：positive attitude toward nursing, interpersonal skills, presence of an anchor in personal life, and responsivity to novelty. The internal consistency of each subscale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The total score and those of the 4 subscales showed significant correlation with the Self-esteem Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Hardiness Personality Scale scores. These results indicated that the Resilience Scale for Nurses was sufficiently reliable and was valid.