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精神科看護師は,業務中において患者からの暴力などに遭遇することが多いが,そのような衝撃的出来事やトラウマティック・ストレスの程度に関する研究報告は少ない。本研究は,看護師が遭遇する衝撃的出来事の傾向と外傷後ストレス障害を含む健康状態の把握を目的に,看護師に対して質問紙調査を実施した。看護師の経験した衝撃的出来事は,身体的暴力・言語的暴力・自殺の目撃などであり,9割の看護師がこれらの出来事に遭遇していた。IES-RによるPTSD事例率は14.5%と非常に高く,全般的メンタルヘルスや対処行動を悪化させていた。今後ケアシステムを十分に検討していく必要性が明らかとなった。
Although many psychiatric nurses are likely to have experienced various traumatic events caused by patients with psychiatric disorders in clinical settings, a few studies in Japan revealed frequencies of traumatic events or prevalence of psychiatric disorders such as PTSD among psychiatric nurses. In this study, we examined the mental status of psychiatric nurses using some questionnaires in order to clarify the actual conditions and influences of the traumatic events. Approximately 90% of subjects had experienced many kinds of traumatic events such as physical assaults, threats, or suicide. Prevalence of PTSD symptoms among nurses was as high as 14.5% and there was a great difference in mental condition or coping style between nurses with PTSD symptoms and others. To establish a mental health care system for psychiatric nurses, further studies are needed.
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