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異型狭心症は,冠血管の攣縮による冠血流の絶対的な減少によって心筋虚血が発現するとされ,血圧,心拍数等の増大による心筋酸素需要増大に伴う相対的な冠血流量不足によって発現する労作狭心症とは異なる1〜5)。異型狭心症における冠攣縮はすでに発作時の冠動脈造影により証明されており6〜8),またこの時の冠血流の減少に関してはMaseriら9)は,ergonovine maleateによる狭心痛誘発時にT201の心筋への摂取が減少することや,さらに自然発作時に大心静脈血の酸素飽和度が減少することから絶対的な血流量の減少を推測しており,Ricci10)やFeldmanら11)も,持続的熱希釈法を用いて狭心痛発作時の冠静脈血流量の減少を報告している。
異型狭心症における発作時の心筋代謝に関しては,Maseri13)による大心静脈血の酸素濃度の減少やGold—berg12)による乳酸摂取率の著明な減少の報告からみても,強度の虚血状態の存在が考えられる。
To test the hypothesis that the anerobic metabol-ic change in variant angina is more enhanced than in effort angina, coronary sinus flow (CSF) and coronary AV oxygen difference (AVDO2) and myo-cardial lactate extraction ratio (LER) were deter-mined during anginal attack in 8 patients (pts) witheffort angina (EA), 9 pts with variant angina (VA1) and 8 pts with vasospastic angina who show ST depression in ECG at anginal attack (VA2). Angina was provocated by rapid atrial pacing in EA and by intravenous ergonovine maleate in VA1 and VA2. Before and immediately after anginal attack, ECG and coronary angiogram were performed and coro-nary angiogram were performed and coronary sinus flow was also measured by continuous thermodilu-tion technique with Wilton Webster catheter. At the same time, paired arterial and coronary sinus blood sampling were analyzed for oxygen and lactate content. Among three groups, there were no significant difference in control values of CSF, AVDO2 and LER. As compaired with control state CSF decreased in VA1 and VA2, but increased in EA during angina. (percent increase in CSF (%) ; EA : VA1 : VA2=45.8±36.1 (mean SD) : 12.3±12.0: -6.8±22.3). LER was markedly reduced in VA1, in which six pts revealed lactate production. In VA2, LER was slightly decreased almost as same as in EA. (LER (%) ; EA : VA1 : VA2=13.8±15.8: -24.7±48.2: 17.3±23.4). We conclude that myocardial ischemia during angina of VA1 (Vari-ant Angina) is severer than that of EA (Effort Angina) and VA2 (Vasospastic Angina who shows ST depression at anginal attack).
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