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How to Choose the Therapy, Surgical Operation or Endoscopic Resection, for Early Gastric Cancer Tsutomu Hamada 1 1Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Tobu Chiiki Hospital, Tokyo Keyword: 外科的手術 , 内視鏡的治療 , EMR , ESD , パターナリズム pp.675-679
Published Date 2009/4/24
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1403101638
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 In recent years, the choice of therapeutic methods for early gastric carcinoma have had a tendency to be the less invasive ones. The new modalities such as endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)were developed and made it possible to do radical therapy for early gastric cancers which ones would have been treated with surgical resection.

 Viewed from the standpoint of quality of life, EMR and ESD brought good news to patients because they would have been recommended to undergo surgical operation until 20 years ago. Nowadays, it is a very important decision for clinical doctors to choose between surgical operation and endoscopic resection, for early gastric cancer. At first, the degree of cancerous invasion should be diagnosed using the morphological approach, X-ray and endoscopy. The indication of EMR and ESD has been strictly decided for differentiated types of cancer, with cancerous invasion limited to the gastric mucosa. On the other hand carcinomas that have already invaded the submucosa should be treated surgically with lymphnode excision. The second factor to influence the choice of treatment is the size of the cancer(more than 5cm)and it's location such the as cardia, because in such cases endoscopical handling by EMR and ESD is difficult.

 It is now considered that EMR and ESD is a standard therapy for early cancer instead of surgery, but the method should ultimately be chosen not by the paternalistic decision of the doctor alone, but with the informed consent of the patient.


Copyright © 2009, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1219 印刷版ISSN 0536-2180 医学書院

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