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要旨 十二指腸における拡大内視鏡観察は最近では容易に可能となった.しかしながらその臨床的有用性はいまだに確立されていない.現時点で考えられる拡大観察の意義として以下のものが挙げられる.①腫瘍(上皮性・非上皮性腫瘍)と非腫瘍の鑑別,②腫瘍性病変:良悪性の鑑別(腺腫と癌の鑑別)や質的診断,③ESDなど内視鏡治療を視野に入れた診断,④十二指腸潰瘍:Helicobacter pylori感染との関連性からの病態解明と治療指針への応用,⑤びまん性炎症性疾患:十二指腸炎やCrohn病などの病態解明.今後はより臨床的有用性にポイントを絞った多くの知見を集積することが急務である.
Magnifying endoscopic observation of the duodenum has recently become possible and easy. However, the clinical utility of this method has not been established yet. The following matters are proposed as significant for prospective magnified observation in future.
(1) Differential diagnosis of tumor and non-tumor.
(2) A malignancy diagnosis of a tumor : adenoma or carcinoma.
(3) The diagnosis of suitability for ESD endoscopic surgery.
(4) Duodenal ulcer : Examination of its relationship with Helicobacter pylori infection
(5) Non-neoplastic diffuse lesions: Elucidation of disease states such as non-specific duodenitis or Crohn's disease.
In order to arouse awareness of the important clinical utility of magnifying endoscopy of the duodenum it is necessary to accumulate evidence of its diagnostic effectiveness in area such as those outlined under the above five headings.
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