酸塩基平衡

Acid-Base Balance

　体液の水素イオン濃度［H⁺］は他のイオンの濃度に比べて約100万分の1程度だが，イオンが小さいために蛋白の結合部と非常に反応しやすく，［H⁺］のわずかな変化によって酵素活性が大きく変る．［H⁺］が正常から大きく偏位したときにこの分子レベルでの作用が臨床的に臓器機能の異常として表われる．

　The concentration of hydrogen ions, [H⁺], in body fluids is about a million times less than the concen-tration of other ions, yet, because its small size results in a high reactivity with binding sites on proteins, small changes in [H⁺] can produce significant alterations in enzyme activity. These molecular effects present clinically as abnormalities of organ function when [H⁺] deviates too far from normal.