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Two cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases with different treatment courses Mamoru Hashizume 1 , Hiromi Matsunaga 1 , Akihito Koseki 2 , Naoki Morishita 2 , Kimihiko Kaneko 3 1Department of Ophthalmology, Yaizu City Hospital 2Department of Neurology, Yaizu City Hospital 3Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine pp.1326-1332
Published Date 2025/10/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.037055790790101326
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Abstract Purpose:Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases(MOGAD) are new inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system for which diagnostic criteria were established in 2023. Optic neuritis occurs 80% of the cases, and recurs repeatedly. We report two cases of MOGAD.

Case:Case 1 is a 24-year-old male. He had a history of right optic neuritis. He presented to our hospital with pain during right eye movement and decreased of visual acuity. At the initial examination, the visual acuity was 0.06 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye. The Mean Deviation(MD) values of the Humphrey Field Analyzer(HFA) were −27.98 dB in the right eye and −1.45 dB in the left eye. Case 2 is a 46-year-old male. He presented to our hospital with chief eye movement pain and decreased visual acuity in the right eye since three weeks before. The MD values were −26.89 dB in the right eye and −31.98 dB in the left eye.

Procedure:Both patients was positive for anti-MOG antibodies and negative for AQP4 antibodies. The patient was diagnosed with MOGAD. Case 1 relapsed after intravenous methylprednisolone(IVMP), and was treated with plasmapheresis. The patient did not experience recurrence. The final visual acuity was 1.0 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye. The MD values was −4.09 dB in the right eye and −1.13 dB in the left. The patient in case 2 improved with IVMP. The patient relapsed and improved after IVMP and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Six months later, the patient experienced relapse again and underwent IVMP and plasmapheresis. Final visual acuity was 1.0 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, with HVF MD values of −8.55 dB in the right eye and −22.1 dB in the left eyes.

Conclusion:Patients with MOGAD responded well to steroids. However, Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive optic neuritis(MOGON) is prone to recurrence, and treatment of patients with a poor response with steroids has not been established.


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