高齢男性を地域活動へ促すための工夫と課題—東京都大田区の日常生活圏域Aにおいて地域活動を推進する人々を対象にした質的調査

Ingenuity and challenges in encouraging community-dwelling older adult males to participate in Community-Based Activities: A qualitative survey of people who promote participation in Community-Based Activities in district A as spheres of daily life in Ota Ward, Tokyo

要旨：高齢男性を地域活動へ促すための工夫と課題を明らかにするため，地域活動を推進する5名を対象に半構造化面接を行い，質的分析を実施した．その結果，7カテゴリが生成され，趣向を凝らした誘いや声掛け，活動内容の見直しと場づくりの2つに分類された．研究参加者の語りから，共通の趣味がある人や男性参加者など複数の人がきっかけづくりに関与し，個別性を尊重した勧誘をしている実態が示された．また，地域活動の内容に関して男性が好む活動へ見直すことが必要で，公共施設や住民が交流できる場の整備が課題であった．作業療法士には，高齢男性への直接的関与および地域活動のリーダーや行政に対する間接的関与など多様な役割が期待される．

　This study aimed to clarify ingenuity and challenges in encouraging community-dwelling older adult males to participate in community-based activities (CBA). A Semi-structured interview was conducted with five study participants with roles to promote participation in CBA of older adults; a qualitative analysis was subsequently carried out. As a result of the data analysis, seven categories were created, which were grouped as follows: “careful invitations and calls” and “reviewing activities and creating opportunities.” According to narratives of the study participants, multiple participants, including those with common hobbies created opportunities for older adult males to participate. The recruiters respected the individuality of male older adults and encouraged their participation in CBA. Contents of CBA needed to be revised to make it attractive to older male participants. Furthermore, it should highlight issues such as the provision of public facilities where community-residents could engage in CBA and places for community-residents to interact. Based on the above, occupational therapists are expected to play a variety of roles, including direct involvement with male older adults and indirect involvement with CBA leaders and administrative agency.