退院後早期の育児不安尺度の開発と信頼性・妥当性の検討

Development of an Early Post-discharge Childcare Anxiety Scale and Evaluation of Its Reliability and Validity

要旨

　目的：退院後早期の育児不安という状態にある母親を把握するために，育児不安尺度を開発し信頼性と妥当性を検証する．

　方法：産後2週間の900名の母親に質問紙調査を行い因子分析による構成概念妥当性，内的整合性による信頼性の検証を行った．また，他の心理尺度との相関係数を確認した．

　結果：回収は384部（回収率42.7％），有効回答は373部（有効回答率41.4％）であった．探索的因子分析では【負担感】【抑うつ気分】【母乳不足感】【児の哺乳の不安定感】が抽出された．モデルの適合度はGFI＝.914，AGFI＝.880，RMSEA＝.076で，外的基準とは正の相関が認められた．尺度全体のCronbach's α係数.907であることが確認された．

　結論：20項目4因子構造の本尺度の信頼性・妥当性が確認され，母乳育児支援など，産後ケアに繋げる指標とし活用できると考える．

　Aim: A childcare anxiety scale was developed and its reliability and validity were verified in order to identify mothers with childcare anxiety indicates the condition of childcare anxiety in the early post-discharge.

　Methods: We asked 900 mothers to complete a draft version of the questionnaire scale 2 weeks after delivery. Then, we performed an exploratory factor analysis of the responses to assess construct validity and internal consistency reliability. Moreover, we calculated the correlation coefficient between Correlation coefficients with other psychological scales were also checked.

　Results: We obtained total of 384 copies(42.7% collection rate) and 373 valid responses were received(41.4% valid response rate). Exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors: "burden," "sense of depression," "feeling of having insufficient breast milk," and "fluctuation of infant feeding." Model fitness was as follows: Goodness of Fit Index(GFI), .914; adjusted GFI, .880; and root mean square error of approximation, .076. The scale showed the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire scale, and was confirmed to be .907 a positive correlation with external standards.

　Conclusions: The reliability and validity of this 20-item, four-factor scale were confirmed, and we believe that it can be used as an indicator to link to postpartum care of breastfeeding support etc after discharge from the hospital.